Potato leaf roll or leaf curl of papaya are caused by

Potato leaf roll and leaf curl of papaya caused by viruses.

The correct Option is "Viruses"

In Selaginella the adaxial outgrowth from the base of leaf is called

The leaves of Selaginella are microphillus. Each leaf is traversed by a single unbranched mid rib. A ligule arises from the base of each leaf (ligulate) they are delicate, green with entire or serrate margin and acute apex.

Which of the following propagates through leaf-tip?

Adiantum is also called walking fern. In Adiantum, the tips of the leaves, on coming in contact with the soil, given out adventitious roots which, in turn, produce new leaves and develop into new plants.

The correct Option is "Walking fern"

In pteridophyte, the sporophytes consist of leaf-like appendages called

In pteridophytes, the sporophyte consist of leaf-like appendages called sporophylls. Sporophyll in cluster form distinct compact structure called strobili or cones, e.g., Selaginella and Equisetum

The correct Option is "Sporophylls"

In Cycas, the leaves are of two types, i.e., scale leaves and foliose leaves. Foliose leaves are large, compound and pinnately divided into many leaflets. Leaflet is sessile, straight, linear-lanceolate.

The correct Option is "Sessile, straight, linear-lanceolate"

A gymnospermic leaf carries 16 chromosomes. The number of chromosomes in its endosperm is

Endosperm in a gymnospermic plant is a haploid structure, which is formed without fusion of gametes and represent female gametophyte. Leaf of gymnosperm belongs to diploid generation. 2n=16,n=8. So, number of chromosomes in endosperm of gymnosperm will be 8.

If the chromosome number in the leaf of Funaria is 20, what will be the chromosome number in the spores?

Cell of sporophyte undergo meiosis of produce haploid cells called spores. As these spores are haploid in nature. It means each spore further divide to develop into the multicellular haploid generation of a plant.So spore has 10 chromosomes.

In mosses the second gametophytic stage is leafy stage. Consider the following statements about leafy stage I. Leafy stage is produced from the secondary protonema as a lateral bud II. They consist of upright, slender axes bearing spirally arranged leaves III. They are attached to the soil through multicellular rhizoids IV. This leafy stage bears the sex organ Which of the statements given above are correct?

All the statements are correct. In mosses vegetative reproduction occurs through fragmentation or through bud in secondary protonema

The correct Option is "I, II, III and IV"

If the leaf of Funaria has 5 chromosomes the primary protonema will have

If the leaf of Funaria has 5 chromosomes, the primary protonema will have 5 chromosomes

The correct Option is "5 chromosomes"

In plants, mosaic formation, leaf rolling and curling yellowing and vein clearing are the symptoms of

In plants mosaic formation, leaf rolling and curling, yellowing and vein clearing are the symptoms of viral diseases

The correct Option is "Viral diseases"

Consider the following statements. I. The anti-pellagra vitamin is nicotinamide present in milk, yeast, meat and leafy vegetables. II. Crypts of Leiberkuhn are present in the liver. III. Steapsin is the pancreatic amylase.

In small intestine, the wall of duodenum contains crypts of Leiberkuhn (intestinal glands) and Brunner’s glands (duodenal glands). The intestinal juice or succus entericus is secreted by crypts of Leiberkuhn. Pancreatic juice contains trypsin, for digesting protein and pancreatic amylase (amylopsin) for breakdown of starch and pancreatic lipase (steapsin) acting upon emulsified fats.

The correct Option is "II and III incorrect"

Ground tissue of leaf is called

Ground tissue of leaf is mesophyll

The correct Option is "Mesophyll"

Amphistomatic leaf is

The isobilateral monocot leaves usually do not show a distinction into petiole and lamina. The leaf base is commonly sheathing, that is covering the stem partially or completely. The venation is parallel. Amphistomatic leaf have stomata on both the surface

The correct Option is "Monocotyledonous leaf"

The position of protoxylem in leaf is

In the leaf of flowering plants, the phloem is always found towards the lower side (abaxial) and xylem towards the upper (adaxial) side.

The correct Option is "Adaxial"

I. Sunflower seed II. A wheat leaf III. Pea plant IV. Leaf blade of grass Bulliform cells are present in which of the above plants?

In the upper epidermis of monocots (e.g., wheat, maize, cereals, grasses), there are some large cells found in groups which are known as motor cells or bulliform cells. These cells help in rolling of leaves in dry conditions

The correct Option is "II and IV"

Mesophylls of monocotyledon leaf are not differentiated into

In dicotyledon leaves, the mesophyll tissue is differentiated into the palisade tissue and spongy parenchyma but in monocot such differentiation is not seen

The correct Option is "Both (a) and (b)"

In the given TS dicot leaf, identify A to E and choose the correct option

TS of dicot root. Palisade and spongy mesophyll tissue are the characteristic of dicot leaves

A-Xylem, B-Phloem, C-Palisade mesophyll, D-Spongy mesophyll, E-Stomata

A-Phloem, B-Xylem, C-Spongy mesophyll, D-Palisade mesophyll, E-Stomata

The correct Option is "B-Xylem, A-Phloem, C-Palisade mesophyll, D-Spongy mesophyll, E-Stomata"

B-Xylem, A-Phloem, C-Palisade mesophyll, D-Spongy mesophyll, E-Hydathodes

Study the following statements and choose the correct option I.Buds are present in the axil of leaflets of the compound leaf II.Pulvinus leaf-base is present in some leguminous plants. III.In Alstonia, the petioles expand, become green and synthesize food IV.Opposite phyllotaxy is seen in guava

In some legumes the leaf base may become swollen, which is called the pulvinions. In opposite phyllotaxy, a pair of leaves arises at each mode and lie opposite to each other as in Calotropic (akon/madar) and guava (Psidium) plants.

The correct Option is "II and IV are correct but I and III are wrong"

I and III are correct but II and IV are wrong

I and IV are correct but II and III are wrong

II, III and IV are correct but I is wrong

The number of stomata present per $c{m^2}$ of a leaf is

The number of stomata present per $c{m^2}$ of a leaf is known as stomatal frequency. Normally, it ranges from 1000-60000 per $c{m^2}$ or 10-600 $m{m^2}$ in different plant species

In the given TS of monocot leaf, identify A to E. Choose the correct option

T.S of monocot leaf. In monocot leaf the adaxial and abaxial both surfaces same and equally receive sunlight

A-Abaxial epidermis, B-Xylem, C-Mesophyll, D-Adaxial epidermis, E-Phloem

A-Abaxial epidermis, B-Phloem, C-Mesophyll, D-Adaxial epidermis, E-Xylem

A-Adaxial epidermis, B-Phloem, C-Mesophyll, D-Abaxial epidermis, E-Xylem

The correct Option is "A-Adaxial epidermis, B-Xylem, C-Mesophyll, D-Abaxial epidermis, E-Phloem"

The vertical section of a dorsoventral leaf through the lamina shows three main parts namely, epidermis, …A… and vascular system. The epidermis, which covers the upper surface is …B… and lower surface is covered by …C… of the leaf. Choose the correct combination of A, B and C

A dorsoventral leaf in its vertical section through union shows three main parts, i.e., epidermis, which covers both upper or adaxial epidermis and lower or abaxial epidermis, among which the lower possesses cuticle mesophyll and vascular bundle

The correct Option is "A-mesophyll, B-adaxial epidermis, C-abaxial epidermis"

A-endodermis, B-adaxial epidermis, C-abaxial epidermis

A-endodermis, B-abaxial epidermis, C-adaxial epidermis

A-mesophyll, B-abaxial epidermis, C-adaxial epidermis

Abaxial surface of the leaf generally bears

The abaxial epidermis generally bears more stomata than the adaxial epidermis. The later may even lack stomata. The tissue between the upper and the lower epidermis is called mesophyll

Less stomata than adaxial epidermis

The correct Option is "More stomata than adaxial epidermis"

Equal stomata than adaxial epidermis

The large empty and colourless cells present at intervals on the upper surface of grass leaf are called

Bulliform cells or motor cells specialized large, empty, vacuolated colourless, thin-walled cells present in the upper epidermis of isobilateral leaf of monocots. They function in rolling up of leaves during water stress or xerophytic conditions.

The correct Option is "Bulliform cells"

Leaf having completely divided lamina broken up into direct segment or leaflets is called

When the incisions of the lamina reaches up to the midrib, breaking it into a number of leaflets, the leaf is called compound. A bud is present in the axil of petiole in both simple and compound leaves, but not in the axil of leaflets of the compound leaf.

The correct Option is "Compound leaf"

In the leaf, vascular bundles are found in the

In leaves, the tissues, which constitute the conduction system (i.e., vascular bundles) are situated near or at the centre of the midrib and generally form a ring composed of xylem (towards upper surface) and phloem (towards lower surface). The structure of large veins is more or less similar to that of a midrib. The small veins consist of only of few conducting cells.

Leaf blade is spinous in case of

The leaf blades become spinous in Argemone (Papaver).

The correct Option is "Argemone"

Which of the following is the modification of leaf?

Phyllode is the modification of leaf. It is an expanded petiole resembling and having the function of a leaf e.g. Parkinsonia.

The correct Option is "Phyllode"

Arrangements of veins and the veinlets in the lamina of leaf is termed as

Venation The arrangement of veins and the veinlets in the lamina of leaf is termed as venation. When the veinlets form a network, the venation is termed as reticulate. When the veins run parallel to each other within a lamina the venation is termed as parallel. Leaves of dicotyledonous plants generally possess reticulate venation, while parallel venation is the characteristic of most monocotyledons in reticulate venation vein form network.

The correct Option is "Venation"

Study the following statements. I.Food is stored in the leaf bases. II.Buds develop from leaf apices. III.Presence of tunicated bulb. Identify the correct combination with reference to Scilla.

Scilla is a photosynthetic plant. Prepared food in Scilla, is stored in leaf bares. Buds, generally develop from leaf bases and this plant contains tunicates bulb.

The correct Option is "I, II and III are correct"

In which of the following, petiolar leaf tendril is found?

In Clematis, petiolar leaf tendril is found. In this, petiole becomes thin (tendril-like), sensitive and helps in climbing

The correct Option is "Clematis"

A leaf primordium grows into adult leaf lamina

The leaf primordium has an apical meristem at its tip, which becomes inactive at early stage of development. Further increase in length occurs by intercalary meristem. Simultaneously marginal meristem (cells of margin of leaf axis) divide and redivide to form leaf lamina.

The correct Option is "At first by apical meristem and later largely by marginal meristems"

The leaf is a lateral, generally flattened structure borne on the stem. It develops at the node and bears a bud in its axil. The axillary bud later develops into a branch. Leaves originate from shoot apical meristems and are arranged in an acropetal order. They are the most important vegetative organs for photosynthesis.

Is a lateral generally flattened structure born on the stem

Is a vegetative organ for photosynthesis

Originates from shoot apical meristem

The correct Option is "All of the above"

In Selaginella, the adaxial outgrowth, from the base of leaf, is called

The leaves of Selaginella are microphillus. Each leaf is transversed by a single unbranched midrib. A ligule arises from the base of each leaf (ligulate) as an adaxial outgrowth. They are delicate, green with entire or serrate margin and acute apex.

When the conditions are dry, a grass leaf curls inward to minimize water loss due to the pressure of

The upper epidermises of monocots have large, thin walled and empty bulliform cells or motor cells containing water. These cells are mainly concerned with rolling and unrolling of leaf. The epidermis is cuticularized.

The correct Option is "Bulliform cells"

A leaf peeling of Tradescantia is kept in a medium having 10% NaCl. After a few minutes, if we observe the leaf peel under the microscope, we are likely to see

When a leaf peeling of Tradescantia is kept in a medium having 10% NaCl solution, the cells shrink in size, this is followed by separation of protoplast from cell wall due to exosmosis. This phenomenon is called plasmolysis

Diffusion of NaCl into the cell

The correct Option is "Exit of water from the cell"

Arrange the following plants in the ascending order based on the number of leaflets in a leaf. I. Hardwickia II. Gynandropsis III. Marselia IV. Citrus

The ascending order of the given plants based on the number of leaflets in a leaf is Citrus→Hardwickia→Marselia→Gynandropsis.

The correct Option is "IV, I, III, II"

Structure of leaf which provide channels of transport for water, minerals and food materials is called

The lamina or the leaf blade is the green expanded part of the leaf with veins and veinlets. There is usually, a middle prominent vein, which is known as the midrib. Veins provide rigidity to the leaf blade and acts as channels of transport for water, minerals and food materials, the shape, margin, apex, surface and extent of incision of lamina varies in different leaves.

Flowers with bracts, (reduced leaf found at the base of pedicel) are called …A… and those without bracts, are called …B… Complete the given statement by choosing appropriate options for A and B

A-bracteate, B-ebracteate. A flower may be trimerous, tetramerous or pentamerous when the floral appendages are in multiples of 3, 4 or 5 respectively. Flowers with bracts, reduced leaf found at the base of the pedicel, are called bracteates and those without bracts are called ebracteate.

The correct Option is "A-bracteate; B-ebracteate"

Modification of petiole into leaf-like structure is called

The lamina in compound leaf of some plants (e.g., Acacia sp, Parkinsonia) falls off soon and petiole gets modified into sickle shaped leafy structure, which performs photosynthesis. Such a modified petiole is called phyllode (phyllodia).

The correct Option is "Phyllode"

Swollen leaf base is called

Pulvinus. In monocotyledons, the leaf base expands into a sheath covering the stem totally or partially. In some leguminous plants, the leaf base may become swollen which is called pulvinus.

The correct Option is "Pulvinus"

When leaflets are even in number they are called …A… . When leaflets are odd in number called they are …B.. . Here A and B refers to:

When leaflet of a leaf are even in number called pari pinnate (tamarind) and when odd in number called imparipinnate.

The correct Option is "A-Paripinnate (tamarind); B-Imparipinnate (rose)"

A-Paripinnate (rose); B-Imparipinnate (tamarind)

A-Imparipinnate (tamarind); B-Paripinnate (rose)

A-Imparipinnate (rose); A-Paripinnate (tamarind)

Leaf base expands into sheath covering the stem partially or wholly. This is the characteristic of

In monocotyledons, the leaf base expands into a sheath covering the stem totally or partially. In some leguminous plants, the leaf base may become swollen which is called pulvinus.

The correct Option is "Monocot"

A compound leaf, which appears as simple leaf due to the suppression of one or two leaflets is found in one of the following plants

A composed leaf has a blade which is divided into small, leaf like leaflet. Citrus plant contains compound leaves, which look like simple leaves due to fall or suppression of its one or two leaflets.

The leaf parts gets modified into spines in order to

When there is less surface area, there is thule leaf or leaf parts less transpiration. Hence, the xerophytic plant gets changed into the spines in order to reduce the gets transpiration.

Protect the plant from grazing animals

The correct Option is "All of the above"

Identify the type of leaf modification in the given diagram (A to C)

Figure A represent leaf tendrillar, which help the plant in supporting around other plant for climbing. Figure B represent leaves modified into spines, which protect the plant and C is fleshy leaves, which store the sood.

A-Support (spines), B-Protection (tendril), C-Storage (freshy leaves)

The correct Option is "A-Support (dendril), B-Protection (spine), C-Storage (freshy leaves)"

A-Protection (dendril), B-Support (spine), C-Storage (freshy leaves)

A-Protection (spine), B-Support (dendril), C-Storage (freshy leaves)

Green leaf-like modified aerial stems/branches with a single internode are called

Only one internode long typical phylloclade (i.e., green leaf-like modified stem) is called as cladode, e.g., Asparagus.

The correct Option is "Cladodes"

Leaf having single or undivided lamina is called

Simple leaf When lamina is entire or incised, the incision don’t touch the midrib. We can say that the leaf which has single lamina.

The correct Option is "Simple leaf"

Necrosis or death if tissue particularly leaf tissue, is due to the deficiency of

Necrosis or death of tissue, particularly leaf tissue, occurs due to deficiency of Ca, Mg, Cu, K.

The correct Option is "Ca, Mg, Cu and K"

The deficiency of this micronutrient results in little leaf disease.

Due to deficiency of zinc, the leaves become distorted, sickle shaped and get clustered to form rosette. This effect is known as little leaf disease.

In an experiment, a leaf was partially covered with black paper, and other one was exposed to light. On testing these leaves for starch, in the presence of sunlight, on may conclude that photosynthesis had occurred in

In the experiment for starch synthesis in green leaves, two leaves, a variegated leaf or a leaf that was partially covered with black paper and other one that was exposed to light were taken. On testing these leaves for starch, it was clear, that photosynthesis had occurred only in the green parts of the leaves in the presence of light

The correct Option is "Green part of leaves"

Black paper covered part of leaves

Pigments can be separated from leaf by

The Russian botanist Mikhail Tswett is credited with the original development of a separation technique that we now recognise as a form of chromatography. In 1903, he reported the successful separation of plant pigments by using a column of calcium carbonate

The correct Option is "Paper chromatography"

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